Topic Discussion：Write no less than 150 words on each of the fol

Topic Discussion：Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. Discuss Melville’s symbolism in Moby-Dick.
【正确答案】：

LIKE HAWTHORNE, MELVILLE IS A MASTER OF ALLEGORY AND SYMBOLISM. INSTEAD OF PUTTING THE BATTLE BETWEEN AHAB AND THE BIG WHALE INTO SIMPLE STATEMENTS, HE USED SYMBOLS, THAT IS, OBJECTS OR PERSONS WHO REPRESENT SOMETHING ELSE. DIFFERENT PEOPLE ON BOARD THE SHIP ARE REPRESENTATIONS OF DIFFERENT IDEAS AND DIFFERENT SOCIAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS; FACTS BECOME SYMBOLS AND INCIDENTS ACQUIRE UNIVERSAL MEANINGS; THE PEQUOD IS THE MICROCOSM OF HUMAN SOCIETY AND THE VOYAGE BECOMES A SEARCH FOR TRUTH. THE WHITE WHALE, MOBY DICK, SYMBOLIZES NATURE FOR MELVILLE, FOR IT IS COMPLEX, UNFATHOMABLE, MALIGNANT, AND BEAUTIFUL AS WELL. FOR THE CHARACTER AHAB, HOWEVER, THE WHALE REPRESENTS ONLY EVIL. MOBY DICK IS LIKE A WALL, HIDING SOME UNKNOWN, MYSTERIOUS THINGS BEHIND. AHAB WILLS THE WHOLE CREW ON THE PEQUOD TO JOIN HIM IN THE PURSUIT OF THE BIG WHALE SO AS TO PIERCE THE WALL, TO ROOT OUT THE EVIL, BUT ONLY TO BE DESTROYED BY EVIL, IN THIS CASE, BY HIS OWN CONSUMING DESIRE, HIS MADNESS. FOR THE AUTHOR, AS WELL AS FOR THE READER AND ISHMAEL, THE NARRATOR, MOBY DICK IS STILL A MYSTERY, AN ULTIMATE MYSTERY OF THE UNIVERSE, INSCRUTABLE AND AMBIVALENT, AND THE VOYAGE OF THE MIND WILL FOREVER REMAIN A SEARCH, NOT A DISCOVERY, OF THE TRUTH.

【题目解析】：和霍桑一样，麦尔维尔也是寓言和象征主义的大师。他并没有把亚哈和大鲸之间的战斗简单地陈述出来，而是使用的符号象征（来指代），符号就是代表其他事物的物体或人。船上不同的人代表着不同的思想、不同的社会和民族群体;事实成为符号，事件获得普遍意义;"皮廓德号"是人类社会的缩影，这次航行成为了对真理的探索。白鲸，莫比-迪克，对梅尔维尔来说象征着自然，因为它是复杂的、深不可测的、恶毒的、美丽的。然而，对于亚哈这个人物来说，鲸只代表邪恶。白鲸就像一堵墙，里面藏着一些未知的、神秘的东西。亚哈要"皮廓德号"上的全体船员都跟他一起去追击那条大鲸，以便刺穿那堵墙，铲除邪恶，但结果却被邪恶所毁灭，在这种情况下，是被他自己的贪婪和疯狂所毁灭。对作者、读者和叙述者以赛玛利来说，白鲸仍然是一个谜，一个宇宙的终极谜，神秘而又矛盾，心灵的旅程永远是对真理的探索，而不是发现。